Yuni Sulistiyo Rahmawati

Peter Newmark's A Textbook of Translation - Chapter  7: Literal Translation Chapter 8:The Other Translation Procedure Chapter 9: Translation and Culture  (By Yuni Sulistiyo R - 1611800003)  Metode Penerjemahan Literal adalah penerjemahan yang paling terkenal dan paling banyak yang menggunakannya. Saat ini gagasan dalam penerjemahan adalah, bahwa satu satunya unit untuk menerjemahkan adalah text, dan semua penyimpangan sebuah terjemahan dari terjemahan literal dapat dibenarkan dimanapun dan kapanpun dengan mengacu pada teks.  Namun juga banyak yang menolak bahwa terjemahan literal itu dijadikan sebuah acuan. Tetapi bagaimanapun terjemahan literal itu benar adanya, dan dapat digunakan, dengan aturan tidak mengesampingkan referensial dan pragmatis, pilihan kita sebagai  penerjemah  sangat bergantung dengan  objek yang ada. Perbedaan   cara  penerjemahan kata-demi-kata dengan satu kalimat utuh langsung dapat dilihat dari susunan tata bahasa SL da...

  CHAPTER 4 Language Functions, Text-categories and Text-types THE EXPRESSIVE FUNCTION The core of the expressive function is the mind of the speaker, the writer, the originator of the utterance, the characteristic 'expressive' text-types are: 1.       Serious imaginative literature. Of the four principal types -lyrical poetry, short stories, novels, plays - lyrical poetry is the most intimate expression, while plays are more evidently addressed to a large audience, which, in the translation, is entitled to some assistance with cultural expressions. 2.       Authoritative statements. These are texts of any nature which derive their authority from the high status or the reliability and linguistic competence of their authors. Such texts have the personal 'stamp' of their authors, although they are denotative, not connotative. Typical authoritative statements are political speeches, documents, etc., by ministers or party le...

  CHAPTER 5 Translation Methods INTRODUCTION The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the readership, the type of text, was not discussed. Too often, writers, translator, and readers were implicitly identified with each other. Now the context has changed, but the basic problem remains.   THE METHODS Word-for-word translation This is often demonstrated as interlinear translation, with The TL immediately below the SL words. The SL word-order is preserved and the words translated singly by their most common meanings, out of context.   Literature translation The SL grammatical constructions are converted to their nearest TL equivalents but the lexical words are again translated singly, out of context. As a pre-translation process, this indicates the problems to be solved.     a.       Faithf...